Feedback as dialogue: teacher response, student revision, and the interactional life of writing instruction in indonesian classrooms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67490/ijled.v1i3.1053Keywords:
dialogic feedback, Indonesian classrooms, revision uptake, student agency, writing instructionAbstract
Background: Writing feedback in Indonesian classrooms is often treated as correction, although its pedagogical value depends on how teachers, students, and texts interact across successive responses and revisions. Objective: This study examined how teacher feedback was formulated, how students engaged with it, and how interactional trajectories were reflected in revision and student agency. Method: A focused qualitative corpus design analysed twenty-three verified public documents, including thirteen Indonesian empirical studies, seven analytical sources, and three official contextual documents, through interactional sequence analysis, revision-uptake analysis, and an agency–authority matrix. Results: Teacher response ranged from directive correction to dialogic elaboration, with reciprocity depending on clarification, contingent follow-up, and opportunities for student contribution. Revision uptake varied from surface correction and direct adoption to meaning-preserving reformulation, substantive revision, and reasoned non-adoption, although many sources lacked fully matched drafts. Student participation was often bounded by teacher-framed structures, while stronger agency appeared when learners could explain intentions, propose alternatives, and influence subsequent feedback. Implication: Feedback design should prioritize reciprocal response pathways, traceable revision cycles, and multilingual spaces that make student reasoning consequential. Novelty: This study integrates teacher moves, revision evidence, and authority relations within a feedback–response–revision episode framework across diverse Indonesian educational settings and varied institutional contexts.
Downloads
References
[1] D. N. Suci, Y. Basthomi, N. Mukminatien, A. Santihastuti, and S. Syamdianita, "EFL students’ responses to teachers’ online written feedback: Interaction, revision, and perception," Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, vol. 11, no. 2, 2021.
[2] N. Thamrin, S. Madya, and N. H. P. S. Putro, "Employing multimodal dialogic feedback on EFL tertiary students’ writing: A formative assessment framework," Englisia: Journal of Language, Education, and Humanities, vol. 11, no. 2, 2024.
[3] S. Mafulah and B. Y. Cahyono, "Indonesian students’ engagement in online EFL writing class and their perceptions of teacher feedback," Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023.
[4] S. Syahrianti, S. Gaffar, S. Nur, and M. C. Daniel, "Exploring teachers’ feedback on students’ writing skills in Indonesian EFL classrooms," Lingua Didaktika: Jurnal Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa, vol. 17, no. 1, 2023.
[5] I. W. D. Agustiani, H. Yaman, and S. Hartati, "EFL Indonesian learners’ preference on teachers’ written feedback strategies for L2 writing," JUDIKA (Jurnal Pendidikan Unsika), vol. 10, no. 1, 2022.
[6] M. Farida, "Beliefs about feedback provision in EFL writing and the actual practices by an experienced Indonesian teacher," English Education: Journal of English Teaching and Research, vol. 7, no. 2, 2022.
[7] S. Enita and S. Sumardi, "Dialogic feedback on graduate students’ thesis writing supervision: Voices of Indonesian graduate students," AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, vol. 15, no. 1, 2023.
[8] S. Jwa, "Written feedback dialogue: A cyclical model for student engagement with feedback," TESOL Quarterly, 2024.
[9] Y. Zhao, F. Zhang, C. D. Schunn, P. He, D. Li, and Y. Zhao, "Feedback, feedback-on-feedback and re-feedback: Effects of written dialogic peer feedback on English as a foreign language writing," Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, vol. 49, pp. 523-538, 2023.
[10] S. Hennessy, E. Calcagni, A. Leung, and N. Mercer, "An analysis of the forms of teacher-student dialogue that are most productive for learning," Language and Education, vol. 37, pp. 186-211, 2021.
[11] R. Bouwer and C. Van der Veen, "Write, talk and rewrite: The effectiveness of a dialogic writing intervention in upper elementary education," Reading and Writing, vol. 37, pp. 1435-1456, 2023.
[12] R. Bouwer, M. Van Braak, and C. Van der Veen, "Dialogic writing in the upper grades of primary school: How to support peer feedback conversations that promote meaningful revisions," Learning and Instruction, 2024.
[13] A. T. Steen-Utheim and A. L. Wittek, "Dialogic feedback and potentialities for student learning," Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, vol. 15, pp. 18-30, 2017.
[14] L. Adie, F. M. Van der Kleij, and J. Cumming, "The development and application of coding frameworks to explore dialogic feedback interactions and self-regulated learning," British Educational Research Journal, 2018.
[15] M. Chinpakdee, "Talking feedback: Fostering student feedback literacy through a dialogic approach," RELC Journal, vol. 57, pp. 158-171, 2025.
[16] J. To, D. Aluquin, and K. Tan, "Making student voice heard in dialogic feedback: Feedback design matters," Frontiers in Education, 2025.
[17] T.-T. Le and T.-T. Pham, "Writing-with assessment: Dialogic reflection as a bridge between teacher feedback and student learning," Language Testing in Asia, vol. 15, 2025.
[18] M. Alharbi, "Exploring the impact of teacher feedback modes and features on students’ text revisions in writing," Assessing Writing, 2022.
[19] S. Alharthi, "Examining EFL learners’ quantity and quality of uptake of teacher corrective feedback on writing across three different editing settings," Assessing Writing, 2025.
[20] K. Li, Y. Li, Y. Wang, Y. Chen, and W. Hu, "Feedback features and revision uptake in dialogic peer feedback: The moderating effect of self-efficacy and prior knowledge," Instructional Science, vol. 53, pp. 49-69, 2024.
[21] O. F. Tavsanli, S. Graham, and Y. Cao, "The effect of the write, talk, and rewrite dialogic writing treatment on argumentative texts: A replication study in Türkiye," Educational Psychology Review, vol. 36, 2024.
[22] R. Indah, "Freire, dialogic feedback, and power issues," Current Issues in Comparative Education, vol. 23, no. 2, 2021.
[23] M. Khosronejad, M. Ryan, and L. Weber, "In quest for a dialogic space: A microethnographic approach to classroom interaction about writing," Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 2023.
[24] E. Er, Y. Dimitriadis, and D. Gašević, "A collaborative learning approach to dialogic peer feedback: A theoretical framework," Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, vol. 46, pp. 586-600, 2020.
[25] B. Irfani and A. O’Boyle, "Teacher practices and student preferences of oral corrective feedback in Indonesian EFL classrooms: A Vygotskian perspective," Training, Language and Culture, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 101-114, 2024.
[26] S. M. Sari, Y. Suhoyo, D. Mulyana, and M. Claramita, "The interactional communication of feedback in clinical education: A focused ethnographic study in a hierarchical and collectivist culture," Heliyon, vol. 9, 2023.
[27] D. F. Utami, "Translanguaging practices in Indonesian multilingual classrooms: Pedagogical implications for inclusive education," Indonesian Journal of Language and Educational Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-13, 2026.
[28] E. Saragih, T. T. Zein, and D. Sumbayak, "Contextualizing corrective feedback in scientific writing through online learning platforms," Studies in English Language and Education, vol. 10, no. 3, 2023.
[29] D. Dayat, "Written corrective feedback in academic writing class: How does an experienced teacher lead effective practice?," Edukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 150-160, 2021.
[30] A. Fawzi, I. Suyitno, and S. Tamphu, "Dialogical interaction in Indonesian language learning: An ethnographic study of teacher strategies and student engagement in a junior high school in Lumajang," GHANCARAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, vol. 7, no. 2, 2026.
[31] W. W. Purnomo, Y. Basthomi, and J. A. Prayogo, "EFL university teachers’ perspectives on written corrective feedback and their actual applications," International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, vol. 10, no. 3, 2021.
[32] R. N. Sari and B. Y. Cahyono, "Perceptions of online teacher feedback via screencast among Indonesian students in online writing classes," Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, vol. 12, no. 3, 2024.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Noval Maliki (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License